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Your location:Home ＞ News ＞ AnnouncementGreenhouse introduction
Announcer:Haosu Time:2017-02-17
Greenhouse introduction
Breeding period and increasing yield are mainly used in low temperature season, warm vegetables, flowers, trees and other plant cultivation or seedling raising. Greenhouse species, depending on the roof material, lighting materials, shape and heating conditions can be divided into many types, such as glass, polycarbonate plastic greenhouse greenhouse; single greenhouse, greenhouse; single roof greenhouses, double roof greenhouse; heating greenhouse, greenhouse without heating etc.. The greenhouse structure should be sealed and insulated, but it should be easy to cool down. A modern greenhouse has facilities for controlling temperature, humidity, light and other conditions. The computer automatically controls the best environmental conditions necessary for the creation of plants. A greenhouse is a building of all or part of its enclosing structure with daylighting covering material. It can be used for planting plants in winter or other unsuitable season.
performance index
Transmittance
Greenhouse is daylighting building, so transmittance is one of the most basic indexes to evaluate the transmittance of greenhouse. Refers to the percentage of the amount of light transmittance and outdoor illumination through the indoor temperature. The transmittance of greenhouse is affected by the transmittance of greenhouse materials and the shadow ratio of greenhouse skeleton, and the transmittance of greenhouse is changing with different solar radiation angle in different seasons. The transmittance of greenhouse is the direct influence factor of crop growth and crop selection. In general, plastic greenhouse in 50%~60%, transparent glass greenhouse rate in 60%~70%, the greenhouse can reach more than 70%.
Insulation property
Heating energy consumption is the main obstacle to greenhouse operation in winter. Improving the heat preservation performance of greenhouse and reducing energy consumption is the most direct means to improve the greenhouse production efficiency. The heat preservation ratio of greenhouse is a basic index to measure the thermal insulation performance of greenhouse. The greenhouse heat preservation ratio is the ratio of the covering area of the greenhouse and the sum of the area of the greenhouse with the smaller thermal resistance of the greenhouse, the transparent material, the covering area and the thermal resistance. The greater the heat preservation ratio, the better the thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse.
Durability
Greenhouse construction must take into account its durability. The durability of greenhouse is affected by the aging resistance of greenhouse materials and the load-bearing capacity of main structure of greenhouse. In addition to its strength, the durability of transparent materials is also manifested in the attenuation of material transmittance with the extension of time, and the attenuation degree of transmittance is the decisive factor affecting the service life of pervious materials. Generally, the service life of the steel structure greenhouse is more than 15 years. Design wind and snow load with 25 year maximum load; simple service life of bamboo and wooden structure 5~10 years; design wind and snow load with maximum load of 15 years.
Because the greenhouse has been operating in a high temperature and humidity environment for a long time, the surface corrosion resistance of the components becomes one of the important factors that affect the service life of the greenhouse. The steel structure of greenhouse, stress the main structure generally adopts thin-walled steel, its corrosion resistance is poor, in the greenhouse using surface must be treated with hot dip galvanizing, coating thickness up to 150~200 microns, can guarantee the service life of 15 years. For wood structures or reinforced welded truss structures, greenhouses must be guaranteed annually for surface corrosion protection.
Plastic greenhouse
Large span plastic greenhouse in recent years has been a rapid development of the greenhouse type. Compared with glass greenhouse, it has the advantages of light weight, less material consumption, skeleton structure has the advantages of small shading rate and low cost, long service life, the same level of its environmental regulation ability can basically reach the glass greenhouse, plastic greenhouse user acceptance ability in the whole world is far higher than that of glass greenhouse, become the mainstream of modern greenhouse the development of the main stream .
Plastic greenhouse structure
1. the overall size of plastic greenhouses this type of greenhouse is of different sizes in different countries. But as a whole, the general greenhouse span 6~12m, the width of the room is about 4m, and the eaves is 3~4m high. Greenhouse with natural ventilation mainly, used in combination with the side window and roof window, the maximum width of greenhouse should be limited within 50m, the best around 30m; while the mechanical ventilation mainly connected greenhouse, greenhouse the maximum width can be expanded to 60m, but the best limit is about 50m; the temperature chamber length (from the perspective of convenient operation) the best limit within 100m, but there is no strict requirements.
2., the main structure of plastic greenhouse main structure is generally used hot-dip galvanized steel pipe as the main load-bearing structure, factory production, on-site installation. Because of its light weight plastic greenhouse, the wind and snow load resistance ability is weak, so the stability of the whole structure must be fully considered, generally in the indoor second span or second bays to set vertical bracing, supporting structure and roof in greenhouse on the periphery should also consider setting the necessary supporting space. It is better to have oblique bracing (diagonal bar) anchored on the foundation to form a space force system.
The main structure of plastic greenhouse should have the ability of resisting 8 winds at least, and the general requirement of wind resistance is up to 10.
The load carrying capacity of the snow load of the main structure should be determined according to the actual snowfall conditions in the construction area and the winter use of the greenhouse. Designed for use in the north, the snow load should not be less than 0.35kN/ square meters.
For the annual plastic greenhouse, a number of loading factors such as equipment weight, plant weight and maintenance should also be considered.
Breeding period and increasing yield are mainly used in low temperature season, warm vegetables, flowers, trees and other plant cultivation or seedling raising. Greenhouse species, depending on the roof material, lighting materials, shape and heating conditions can be divided into many types, such as glass, polycarbonate plastic greenhouse greenhouse; single greenhouse, greenhouse; single roof greenhouses, double roof greenhouse; heating greenhouse, greenhouse without heating etc.. The greenhouse structure should be sealed and insulated, but it should be easy to cool down. A modern greenhouse has facilities for controlling temperature, humidity, light and other conditions. The computer automatically controls the best environmental conditions necessary for the creation of plants. A greenhouse is a building of all or part of its enclosing structure with daylighting covering material. It can be used for planting plants in winter or other unsuitable season.
performance index
Transmittance
Greenhouse is daylighting building, so transmittance is one of the most basic indexes to evaluate the transmittance of greenhouse. Refers to the percentage of the amount of light transmittance and outdoor illumination through the indoor temperature. The transmittance of greenhouse is affected by the transmittance of greenhouse materials and the shadow ratio of greenhouse skeleton, and the transmittance of greenhouse is changing with different solar radiation angle in different seasons. The transmittance of greenhouse is the direct influence factor of crop growth and crop selection. In general, plastic greenhouse in 50%~60%, transparent glass greenhouse rate in 60%~70%, the greenhouse can reach more than 70%.
Insulation property
Heating energy consumption is the main obstacle to greenhouse operation in winter. Improving the heat preservation performance of greenhouse and reducing energy consumption is the most direct means to improve the greenhouse production efficiency. The heat preservation ratio of greenhouse is a basic index to measure the thermal insulation performance of greenhouse. The greenhouse heat preservation ratio is the ratio of the covering area of the greenhouse and the sum of the area of the greenhouse with the smaller thermal resistance of the greenhouse, the transparent material, the covering area and the thermal resistance. The greater the heat preservation ratio, the better the thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse.
Durability
Greenhouse construction must take into account its durability. The durability of greenhouse is affected by the aging resistance of greenhouse materials and the load-bearing capacity of main structure of greenhouse. In addition to its strength, the durability of transparent materials is also manifested in the attenuation of material transmittance with the extension of time, and the attenuation degree of transmittance is the decisive factor affecting the service life of pervious materials. Generally, the service life of the steel structure greenhouse is more than 15 years. Design wind and snow load with 25 year maximum load; simple service life of bamboo and wooden structure 5~10 years; design wind and snow load with maximum load of 15 years.
Because the greenhouse has been operating in a high temperature and humidity environment for a long time, the surface corrosion resistance of the components becomes one of the important factors that affect the service life of the greenhouse. The steel structure of greenhouse, stress the main structure generally adopts thin-walled steel, its corrosion resistance is poor, in the greenhouse using surface must be treated with hot dip galvanizing, coating thickness up to 150~200 microns, can guarantee the service life of 15 years. For wood structures or reinforced welded truss structures, greenhouses must be guaranteed annually for surface corrosion protection.
Plastic greenhouse
Large span plastic greenhouse in recent years has been a rapid development of the greenhouse type. Compared with glass greenhouse, it has the advantages of light weight, less material consumption, skeleton structure has the advantages of small shading rate and low cost, long service life, the same level of its environmental regulation ability can basically reach the glass greenhouse, plastic greenhouse user acceptance ability in the whole world is far higher than that of glass greenhouse, become the mainstream of modern greenhouse the development of the main stream .
Plastic greenhouse structure
1. the overall size of plastic greenhouses this type of greenhouse is of different sizes in different countries. But as a whole, the general greenhouse span 6~12m, the width of the room is about 4m, and the eaves is 3~4m high. Greenhouse with natural ventilation mainly, used in combination with the side window and roof window, the maximum width of greenhouse should be limited within 50m, the best around 30m; while the mechanical ventilation mainly connected greenhouse, greenhouse the maximum width can be expanded to 60m, but the best limit is about 50m; the temperature chamber length (from the perspective of convenient operation) the best limit within 100m, but there is no strict requirements.
2., the main structure of plastic greenhouse main structure is generally used hot-dip galvanized steel pipe as the main load-bearing structure, factory production, on-site installation. Because of its light weight plastic greenhouse, the wind and snow load resistance ability is weak, so the stability of the whole structure must be fully considered, generally in the indoor second span or second bays to set vertical bracing, supporting structure and roof in greenhouse on the periphery should also consider setting the necessary supporting space. It is better to have oblique bracing (diagonal bar) anchored on the foundation to form a space force system.
The main structure of plastic greenhouse should have the ability of resisting 8 winds at least, and the general requirement of wind resistance is up to 10.
The load carrying capacity of the snow load of the main structure should be determined according to the actual snowfall conditions in the construction area and the winter use of the greenhouse. Designed for use in the north, the snow load should not be less than 0.35kN/ square meters.
For the annual plastic greenhouse, a number of loading factors such as equipment weight, plant weight and maintenance should also be considered.
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